If you major in programming, or work in the IT industry, you most likely had experience with popular programming languages such as C, C++, Python, Java, or Ruby. However, there's so much more to learn, discover and explore. Have you ever thought of learning some of the rarest programming languages that are actually quite remarkable? Let us review the most recherche languages only the true IT enthusiasts use and appreciate.

Rust

The first on the list is Rust - sponsored by Mozilla Research. Rust is a multi-paradigm programming language. It focuses on type and memory safety, concurrency and performance. Rust offers many great benefits, some of which include: better memory safety which comes from its compiler; easier concurrency due to Rust's data ownership model, which prevents data races; and lastly, zero-cost abstractions, meaning you will not have to deal with any extra runtime overhead for any of the abstraction or safety features you will use.

Haskell

Following this, we have Haskell. Haskell is a general-purpose, purely functional programming language with strong static typing and non-strict semantics. Apart from the fact that Haskell has simple and highly elegant syntax, you might be surprised to discover its incredible speed. Haskell's purely functional nature is beneficial for parallel computing in data mining, science, engineering and advanced graphics. Also, the strong type system provides opportunities for easy refactoring - It's fairly easy to maintain codebase and introduce global changes.

Erlang

Erlang is another excellent programming language often getting neglected by developers. This language was developed by Ericsson Computer Sciences Lab, and it is freely available as an open-source. Erlang uses a virtual machine, similar to Java, and also allows multithreading. Many interesting applications have been developed using Erlang, and it may come to you as a surprise that Facebook chat is among them. Erlang has significant advantages over other languages when it comes to concurrency, scalability and reliability. The latter comes from Erlang's unique approach to fault-tolerance - lightweight processes can be quickly restarted by the supervisor system, which helps you build self-healing systems. Quite impressive, don't you agree?

Dart

Finally, we have Dart – a client-optimized language for applications on any platform. Dart's advantage is its high performance. Compared to other languages, programs written in Dart tend to run much faster. Apart from this, Dart is highly stable and can be used to build production-quality real-time applications. It is an object-oriented programming language with support for optional typing features, interfaces and inheritance. Dart also has a unique capability of handling both ahead of time and just in time compiling using either AOT or JIT compilation.

So, there is so much to explore in the programming world, as you can see. Mastering your craft is only possible by developing your set of skills, constantly gaining new knowledge and always being inquisitive when it comes to widening your perspective about a particular subject. If you want to become a professional, don't avoid digging deep into even the most obscure details.